Ibn Fadlan's journey to Russia : a tenth-century traveler from Baghdad to the Volga River / translated and commentary by Richard N. Frye.

Bibliography : pages 157-158.

The time and the man -- His book and geography -- Translation of his travels : The Rus ; The Khazars -- Commentary on the translation : The itinerary through the realm of the Caliphate ; Remarks on Khwarazm ; The Turkic tribes ; Further itinerary of the trip ; The Bulghars or Saqaliba ; The Rus ; The Khazars ; Aftermath of the embassy -- Appendix A. Other Muslim accounts of the north. The strange things of creation / by Qazwini ; The Tufhat al-bab / of Abu Hamid al-Mazini al-Garanati ; Commentary -- Appendix B. General remarks on nomads and conversion -- Appendix C. Byzantine and Iranian commercial policy -- Appendix D. Merchants in Inner Asia in pre-Islamic times -- Appendix E. Byzantine and Sasanian trade with northwestern Russia.

This is an English translation of the Risala, letters by the 10th century scholar Ibn Fadlan, one of the great medieval travellers. He journeyed from Baghdad to Bukhara in Central Asia and then continued across the desert to the town of Bulghar, near present Kazan. He describes the tribes he met on his way.

Translated from the Arabic.

Sumbangan Mohamad Taha (2017).